Occupational health & safety, run on your site

Factories Act 1948: what an occupational health programme must cover

Section 45 mandates a first-aid box for every 150 workers and an ambulance room where 500 or more workers are employed. Section 40-B requires a Safety Officer once employment crosses the state-notified threshold, usually 1,000 workers. State Factories Rules add periodic medical examination schedules for hazardous processes, and a certifying surgeon must review workers in listed dangerous operations.

OSH Code 2020: consolidating 13 labour laws into one safety regime

The Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code consolidates the Factories Act, BOCW Act, Contract Labour Act and ten others. It extends free annual health examinations to a wider set of workers, formalises the duty of employers to provide a hazard-free workplace, and standardises appointment of safety committees and safety officers across establishments.

BOCW Act 1996: safety obligations on construction sites

Building and Other Construction Workers legislation requires safety committees, safety officers, first-aid facilities, drinking water, creches and welfare amenities on qualifying sites. Employers must report accidents, maintain registers and provide training before deploying workers on height, excavation or lifting activity.

Pre-employment, periodic and exit medical examinations

A structured examination protocol establishes a baseline at joining, tracks exposure-related change during employment, and documents fitness at exit. Typical batteries include vitals and BMI, vision and colour vision, audiometry for noise-exposed roles, spirometry for dust and fume exposure, chest X-ray, blood counts, liver and kidney profiles, and role-specific biological monitoring.